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NEWS
S32750/2507 SUPER DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL (PIPES)
Release Date:2016-10-21

2507(UNS S32750) Duplex Stainless Steel 1.4410
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General Properties
Duplex Stainless
Steel 2507 is a super duplex stainless steel with 25% chromium, 4% molybdenum,
and 7% nickel designed for demanding applications which require exceptional
strength and corrosion resistance, such as chemical process, petrochemical, and
seawater equipment. The steel has excellent resistance to chloride stress
corrosion cracking, high thermal conductivity and a low coefficient of thermal
expansion. The high chromium, molybdenum, and nitrogen levels provide excellent
resistance to pitting, crevice, and general corrosion.
The impact strength is also high. Alloy 2507 is not recommended for applications which require long exposures to temperatures above 570F because of the risk of a reduction in toughness.
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Applications
Oil and gas industry equipment
Offshore
platforms, heat exchangers, process and service water systems, fire-fighting
systems, injection and ballast water systems
Chemical process industries,
heat exchangers, vessels, and piping
Desalination plants, high pressure
RO-plant and seawater piping
Mechanical and structural components, high
strength, corrosion-resistant parts
Power industry FGD systems, utility and
industrial scrubber systems, absorber towers, ducting, and piping
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Standards
ASTM/ASME .......... A240 -
UNS S32750
EURONORM............ 1.4410 - X2 Cr Ni MoN
25.7.4
AFNOR.................... Z3 CN 25.06 Az
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Corrosion Resistance
General
Corrosion
The high chromium and molybdenum content of 2507 makes it extremely
resistant to uniform corrosion by organic acids like formic and acetic acid.
2507 also provides excellent resistance to inorganic acids, especially those
containing chlorides.
In dilute sulfuric acid con***inated with chloride ions, 2507 has better corrosion resistance than 904L, which is a highly alloyed austenitic steel grade specially designed to resist pure sulfuric acid.
Stainless steel of type 316L (2.5%Mo) cannot be used in hydrochloric acid due to the risk of localized and uniform corrosion. However, 2507 can be used in dilute hydrochloric acid. Pitting need not be a risk in the zone below the borderline in this figure, but crevices must be avoided.
Intergranural Corrosion
2507鈥檚 low
carbon content greatly lowers the risk of carbide precipitation at the grain
boundaries during heat treatment; therefore, the alloy is highly resistant to
carbide-related intergranular corrosion.
Stress Corrosion Cracking
The duplex structure of 2507 provides excellent
resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Because of its higher
alloy content, 2507 is superior to 2205 in corrosion resistance and strength.
2507 is especially useful in offshore oil and gas applications and in wells with
either naturally high brine levels or where brine has been injected to enhance
recovery.
Pitting Corrosion
Different testing
methods can be used to establish the pitting resistance of steels in
chloride-containing solutions. The data above were measured by an
electrochemical technique based on ASTM G 61. The critical pitting temperatures
(CPT) of several high-performance steels in a 1M sodium chloride solution were
determined. The results illustrate the excellent resistance of 2507 to pitting
corrosion. The normal data spread for each grade is indicated by the dark gray
portion of the bar.
Crevice Corrosion
The presence of
crevices, almost unavoidable in practical constructions and operations, makes
stainless steels more susceptable to corrosion in chloride enviroments. 2507 is
highly resistant to crevice corrosion. The critical crevice corrosion
temperatures of 2507 and several other high-performance stainless steels are
shown above.
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Chemical Analysis
Typical values (Weight
%)
C Cr Ni Mo N Others
0.020 25 7 4.0 .27 S=0.001
PREN = [Cr%] + 3.3 [Mo%] + 16 [N%] 鈮� 40
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Mechanical Properties
2507 combines
high tensile and impact strength with a low coefficient of thermal expansion and
high thermal conductivity. These properties are suitable for many structural and
mechanical components. The low, ambient, and elevated temperature mechanical
properties of 2507 sheet and plate are shown below. All of the test data shown
are for samples in the annealed and quenched condition.
2507 is not recommended for applications which require long exposures to temperatures in excess of 570F because of the increased risk of a reduction in toughness. The data listed here are typical for wrought products and should not be regarded as a maximum or minimum value unless specifically stated.
Mechanical Properties
Ultimate Tensile Strength, ksi 116 min.
0.2% Offset
Yield Strength 0.2%, ksi 80 min.
0.1% Offset Yield Strength 0.2%, ksi 91
min.
Elongation in 2 inches, % 15 min.
Hardness Rockwell C 32 max.
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Hot forming
2507 should be hot worked
between 1875F and 2250F. This should be followed by a solution anneal at 1925F
minimum and a rapid air or water quench.
Cold Forming
Most of the common
stainless steel forming methods can be used for cold working 2507. The alloy has
a higher yield strength and lower ductility than the austenitic steels so
fabricators may find that higher forming forces, increased radius of bending,
and increased allowance for springback are necessary. Deep drawing, stretch
forming, and similar processes are more difficult to perform on 2507 than on an
austenitic stainless steel. When forming requires more than 10% cold
deformation, a solution anneal and quench are recommended.
Heat Treatment
2507 should be solution
annealed and quenched after either hot or cold forming. Solution annealing
should be done at a minimum of 1925F. Annealing should be followed immediately
by a rapid air or water quench. To obtain maximum corrosion resistance, heat
treated products should be pickled and rinsed.
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Welding
2507 possesses good weldability
and can be joined to itself or other materials by shielded metal arc welding
(SMAW), gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), plasma arc welding (PAW), flux cored
wire (FCW), or submerged arc welding (SAW). 2507/P100 filler metal is suggested
when welding 2507 because it will produce the appropriate duplex weld
structure.
Preheating of 2507 is not necessary except to prevent condensation on cold metal. The interpass weld temperature should not exceed 300F or the weld integrity can be adversely affected. The root should be shielded with argon or 90% N2/10% H2 purging gas for maximum corrosion resistance. The latter provides better corrosion resistance.
If welding is to be done on only one surface and post-weld cleaning is not possible, GTAW is suggested for root passes. GTAW or PAW should not be done without a filler metal unless post-weld cleanup is possible. A heat input of 5-38 kJ/in. should be used for SMAW or GTAW. A heat input of about 50kJ/in. can be used for SAW.
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